Sixty-six million years ago, the dinosaurs had their worst day in history. A devastating asteroid impact ended their reign of 180 million years.
About 75% of the animals on Earth, including dinosaurs, suddenly became extinct at the same time. So how was all this caused by a rock falling off the coast of Central America? The asteroid hit at high speed and effectively vaporized. It created a huge crater and caused total devastation in the immediate area. A huge blast wave was generated and a heat wave of such magnitude that it threw huge amounts of incandescent material into the atmosphere.
The soot traveled all over the world. It didn’t block out the Sun completely, but it reduced the amount of light reaching the Earth’s surface. So it had an impact on plant growth. Like dominoes, it was moving up the food chain causing the collapse of the ecosystem. The reduction in plant life had a huge impact on the survival of herbivores, which in turn meant that carnivores also suffered from having less food. It was the end of their civilization. But everything has its cycle, and now it would be our turn to suffer the same fate.
The Moment Has Come
Post-apocalyptic scenarios like the one above are often the stuff of Hollywood blockbusters. But researchers believe they are more science fact than science fiction, as Earth is on the verge of another mass extinction event like the one that occurred 30 million years ago. They found that catastrophic global incidents occur approximately every 27 million years.
And with the last mass extinction 66 million years ago when the dinosaurs were wiped out by an asteroid or comet, they believe Earth is past that time. Catastrophic events like asteroid impacts and eruptions follow a cycle. With a new statistical analysis published in the scientific journal Historical Biology, American researchers have concluded that extinction-level comet showers occur every 26 to 30 million years as they pass through the galaxy.
If they hit Earth, cataclysmic impacts could create widespread darkness and cold, wildfires, acid rain and ozone depletion. This could potentially kill life on land and in the sea. Scientists have also found that the eight mass extinctions that have occurred on land and in the oceans have coincided with times of basalt eruptions where massive amounts of lava flow onto the Earth's surface. This would create a deadly greenhouse effect and less oxygen in the ocean. According to Professor Michael Rampino of the Department of Biology at New York University and author of the study, any threat depends on how our planet orbits the Milky Way.
“It appears that large-body impacts and pulses of Earth’s internal activity, creating flood basalt volcanism, may be marching at the same 27 million year rate as extinctions perhaps driven by our orbit in the galaxy,” Professor Rampino told the Daily Mail.
These new findings of coincidental sudden mass extinctions on land and in the oceans and the common 26- to 27-million-year cycle support the idea of periodic global catastrophic events as triggers for extinctions. In fact, it is already known that three of the mass die-offs of species on land and in the sea occurred at the same time as the three largest impacts of the last 250 million years, each of which could cause a global disaster and trigger mass extinctions.
“Global mass extinctions were apparently caused by major cataclysmic impacts and massive volcanism perhaps sometimes working together,” Rampino concluded.
What would happen if it happened tomorrow?
Professor Rampino's study is truly alarming and contradicts space agencies like NASA who tell us that no apocalyptic asteroid impact is expected in the next 100 to 200 years. But the truth is that a new mass extinction event like the one that happened 30 million years ago could happen at any time. And if that were to happen, we would find ourselves before the real Apocalypse. For example, for an asteroid 10 kilometers in diameter, it doesn't matter where it hits, ocean or land. It is worth remembering that the deepest point in the oceans is in the Mariana Trench, which is only 7 miles deep. Furthermore, the typical speed of space rocks is about 30 kilometers per second. An asteroid 10 kilometers in diameter is so large that it would be very difficult to stop it.
Unlike smaller asteroids, it wouldn't be slowed down much by air friction. It would pass through the atmosphere as if it weren't there. When it reached the surface, it would hit with such force that it wouldn't matter whether it was in the ocean or on land. The impact with the Earth's crust would eventually stop the asteroid. The energy from the impact would vaporize the space rock and much of the Earth's crust, creating a crater over 100 kilometers across and throwing all that rock into the air. Some of this debris would go so fast that it would fly out of the Earth's atmosphere and enter orbit around the Earth. Most of the debris would fall back to Earth on all parts of the Earth, not just near the impact site, and heat the atmosphere to such an extent that it would start wildfires and burn anything that wasn't protected underground.
The combination of dust from
the impact and soot from the wildfires would remain in Earth’s atmosphere for
about a year, blocking out sunlight. Without sunlight, much of Earth’s plant life
on land and in the sea would die. Many animal species, including the human
race, would disappear in the initial catastrophe or in the years that followed
due to lack of food and general environmental devastation. It happened 66
million years ago, and now we know it could happen again any day now.
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